Question

Pressure acts in all directions. Show this by an example and a diagram.

Answer 1

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Answer:

The pressure a fluid exerts on an object in the fluid is applied in all directions. That is because the particles that make up the fluid can move in any direction. These particles exert forces as they bump into objects in the fluid. The picture shows how water exerts pressure on a diver who is underwater.

Answer 2

Explanation:

Activity

• Take a tin can, some coloured water, a sharp pin/nail and some cellotape.

Make holes with the pin/nail at four different points, along a vertical line in the tin can, as shown in the figure. These holes should be equidistant.

• Cover the holes with cellotape.

• Place the can on a stool and fill it with coloured water.

• Now, remove the tapes from the holes and observe the streams of water coming out of these holes.

• We observe that the stream, from the lower holes travel a larger distance.

Why? What do we infer?

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✏The emerging water goes out farther from the lower holes; this is because the pressure of water increases with an increase in the 'depth' of the hole.

• Hence the water pressure, at a point, increases with the height of water column above it.

Try repeating the steps of above activity using, say vegetable oil* instead of coloured water. What do we observe?

• Do the streams of vegetable oil travel the same distance from the same holes?

✒We thus observe that, for a particular liquid, the pressure, exerted at any point, is directly proportional to the height of liquid column above that point (or depth of that point below the surface); however, this pressure is different for different liquids.