Principle and instrumentation of nephelometry
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Nephelometry is used for continuous monitoring of air and water pollution. In water, turbidity is monitored whereas in air, smoke and dust are monitored. The techniques are also used in food, beverages and in the determination of molecular weight of high polymers which are settled down on earth from factories. The CO2 can also be determined by this technique.
The principle of nephelometry is based on the scattering or absorption of light by solid or colloidal particles suspended in solution. When light is passed through the suspension, part of incident radiant energy is dissipated by absorption, reflection, and reaction while remainder is transmitted.
In fact the measurement of the intensity of transmitted light is a function of the concentration of dispersed phase and this becomes the basis of turbid metric analysis.
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