Problem 5
A sample of water contains the following dissolved salts
in mgs/lit. Mg(HCO3)2 = 73; CaCl2 = 111; Ca(HCO3)2=81
and MgSO4 = 40. Calculate the temporary and permanent
hardness of the water (At. wts of Ca, Mg, 0, C, CI, S, H
are 40, 24, 16, 12, 35.5, 32 and 1 respectively).
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Explanation:
We can calculate the hardness of given water sample as:
(i) Ca(HCO
3
)
2
CaCO3≡CaCO
3
162ppm≡100ppm
∴81ppm≡50ppm
(ii) Mg(HCO
3
)
2
≡CaCO
3
146 ppm ≡ 100 ppm
∴73ppm≡50ppm
(iii) CaSO
4
≡CaCO
3
136ppm≡100ppm
∴68ppm≡50ppm
(iv) MgSO
4
≡CaCO
3
120ppm≡100ppm
∴60ppm≡50ppm
Total degree of hardness of water =50×4=200ppm
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