Question

Project on "Coal Mining - disadvantages

1.Acknowledgement
2.contents
3.Introduction
4.Main body
5.Conclusion
6.Bibliography​

Answer 1

it was too Lenghty so I attached some pictures instead.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Coal Mining - disadvantages

• Mining coal is incredibly destructive to the environment.
• Coal is actually radioactive.
• Burning coal emits harmful substances.
• Coal generates carbon emissions.  
• Coal mining and combustion contributes to climate change.  
• Coal is a non-renewable energy source.
• Coal mining is a dangerous industry.

1.Acknowledgement

All other material contained within this course originated at the Open University

This resource was created by the Open University and released in OpenLearn as part of the 'C-change in GEES' project exploring the open licensing of climate change and sustainability resources in the Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences. The C-change in GEES project was funded by HEFCE as part of the JISC/HE Academy UKOER programme and coordinated by the GEES Subject Centre.

2.contents

Bituminous coal has a composition of about 84.4% carbon, 5.4% hydrogen, 6.7% oxygen, 1.7% nitrogen, and 1.8% sulfur, on a weight basis. This implies that chemical processes during coalification must remove most of the oxygen and much of the hydrogen, leaving carbon, a process called carbonization.

3.Introduction

Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production.

4.Main body

Coal mining, extraction of coal deposits from the surface of Earth and from underground.

the most abundant fossil fuel on Earth. Its predominant use has always been for producing heat energy. It was the basic energy source that fueled the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries, and the industrial growth of that era in turn supported the large-scale exploitation of coal deposits. Since the mid-20th century, coal has yielded its place to petroleum and natural gas as the principal energy supplier of the world. The mining of coal from surface and underground deposits today is a highly productive, mechanized operation.

5.Conclusion

Surface mining is a flexible, cheap system that is currently producing most of the coal exported globally. However, it results in short-term local environmental disturbances; underground mining provides longer lasting problems, owing to spoil heaps, subsidence and acid mine drainage.

6.Bibliography​

• A Reference Guide to Resources on Coal Mining and Associated Materials in Central and Western Pennsylvania by Dr. James P. Dougherty
• Pennsylvania County Histories in the IUP Special Collections and University Archives
• Coal Culture Collections Housed in the IUP Special Collections and University Archives
• Oral History Interviews Available at the IUP Special Collections and University Archives
• Unpublished Sources Available at the IUP Special Collections and University Archives