Question

Project on different relief features on the surface of the earth

Answer 1

Answer:

INTRODUCTION  Earth’s surface is uneven in shape and elevation throughout the world.  The physical shape or surface of the Earth is referred to as relief features or landforms of the Earth. Depending up on their elevation and shape they are called mountains, plateaus, or plains.  Major landforms are formed by Earth movements associated with the movements of crustal plates. These movements result in elevating, sinking or displacing a portion of the Earth’s surface.  The raised landform may be further carved out and shaped by different forces such as moving ice, rivers, wind, rain or sea waves.

3. Major Relief Features Of the Earth Mountains Plateaus plains

4. Mountains  A mountain is a natural elevation of the earth surface rising more or less abruptly from the surrounding level and attaining an altitude which, relatively to the adjacent elevation, is impressive or notable.  A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak.  A mountain is generally steeper than a hill.  Mountains are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism. These forces can locally raise the surface of the earth.

5. Types of Mountains On the basis of formation mountains have been classified into four types. They are 1. Fold mountains : Fold mountains are mountains that form mainly by the effects of folding on layers within the upper part of the Earth's crust. The forces responsible for formation of the fold mountains are called orogenic movements.

6. 2. Volcanic mountains: these type of mountain are formed due to volcanic eruption. Mt. Fujiyama, mt. Cotopaxi, and mt. Aconcagua are the example of volcanic mountain.

7. 3. Block mountains: these are formed as a result of parallel faulting or cracking in the earth followed by uplift or inking along the fault. The uplifted block form a horst or a block mountain. Vindhya mountain in India is one of the example.

8. 4. Residual mountains: The mountains which are subjected to weathering and erosion for a long time, are lowered down and are called Relief or Residual mountains. The mountains of the Western Ghats, the Aravalli Mountain and the Parasnath mountain of Bihar belong to this type.

9. Plateaus A plateau is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side.  Plateaus occur on every continent and take up a third of the Earths land. They are one of the major landforms, along with mountains and plains. Plateaus can be formed by a number of processes, including upwelling of volcanic magma, extrusion of lava, and erosion by water and glaciers.

10. Plains  a plain is a flat area.  Plains occur as lowlands and at the bottoms of valleys but also on plateaus or uplands at high elevations.  In a valley, a plain is enclosed on two sides but in other cases a plain may be delineated by a complete or partial ring of hills, by mountains or cliffs.  Most plain are formed by the accumulation of fine soil brought down by rivers.

11. CONCLUSION  The earth’ surface does not show a uniform pattern everywhere. It is uneven and irregular in varying degree. Depending up on the elevation and shape landforms or relief feature are called mountains, plateaus and plains.