project on parasite nutrition
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Answer:
Parasitic nutrition is a mode of [[heterotrophiction where a parasitic organism lives on the body surface or inside the body of another type of organism (a host) and gets nutrition directly from the body of the host harming him. Since these parasites derive nourishment from their host, this symbiotic interaction is often harmful to the host. Parasites depend on their host for survival, since the host provides nutrition and protection. As a result of this dependence, parasites have considerable modifications to optimise parasitic nutrition and therefore their survival. In other words - Parasites are small organism which lives upon or within the body of other organism (host) and derive nourishment their tissue and body fluids.
Parasites are divided into two groups: endoparasites and ectoparasites. Endoparasites are parasites that live inside the body of the host(organism) Example: [Taenia solium], [Ascaris] etc., whereas ectoparasites are parasites that live on the outer surface of the host and generally attach themselves during feeding Example: mosquito, leech, louse, ticks etc.[1] Due to the different strategies of endoparasites and ectoparasites, they require different adaptations to derive nutrients from their host.
Parasites require nutrients to carry out essential functions including reproduction and growth. Essentially, the nutrients required from the host are carbohydrates, amino acids and lipids. Carbohydrates are utilised to generate energy, whilst amino acids and fatty acids are involved in the synthesis of macromolecules and the production of eggs.[2] Moist parasites are heterotrophs, so they therefore are unable to synthesise their own 'food' i.e. organic compounds must acquire these from their host.
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