Question

Proper Explanation of production with example

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Various processes of vegetative reproduction are :

1. Cutting:  

It is a vegetative propagation technique in which a portion of the plants containing leaf buds is cut from the parent plant. It is then induced to form roots and shoots by providing a favourable environment like moist soil with sufficient nutrients.  

It is a beneficial method as many new plants can be obtained from a single plant in lesser time. A number of plants including Banana, Pineapple Rose, Bougainvillea, Sugarcane and Cactus can be propagated by using cuttings.  

2. Grafting:  

Grafting is a method of plant propagation where parts of one plant are fused with another plant.  

One plant is selected for its roots, and this is called the stock. The other plant is selected for its stems, leaves, flowers or fruits and is called the scion. The scion gets essential nutrients from the stock. The resultant plant possesses the features of both the grafted plants. Grafting helps in producing delicious varieties of mangoes and apples.  

3. Layering:  

It involves plants with long, flexible branches where the branch of the stem is still attached to the parent plant. It is placed in contact with moist soil, encouraging it to send out roots. Once the roots emerge, new plantlets are formed. These can be separated from the parent plant and grown as new individual plants. Grapes, Strawberry and Jasmine can be easily propagated by layering.  

4. Tissue culture:  

Plant tissues have the ability to generate whole new plants.Actively multiplying tissue is obtained from the plant and is kept in a medium containing appropriate amount of nutrients.  

It is then treated with root and shoot  forming chemicals/hormones in the laboratory. Once it develops into a plantlet, it can be transplanted into the soil in the nursery and raised into a full-grown plants. Orchids, Bananas, and Chrysanthemums are grown by using tissue culture.