Properties and uses of Phenol formaldehyde resin?
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Properties of Phenol.
Boiling point of phenols
Phenols generally have higher boiling points in comparison to other hydrocarbons having equal molecular masses. This is due to the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl groups of phenol molecules. In general, the boiling point of phenols increases with increase in the number of carbon atoms.
Solubility of phenols
Solubility of phenol in water is governed by the hydroxyl group present. The hydroxyl group in phenol is involved in the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Thus, hydrogen bonds are formed between water and phenol molecules which make phenol soluble in water. However the aryl group attached to the hydroxyl group is hydrophobic in nature. Thus, the solubility of phenol decreases with the increase in size of aryl group.
Acidity of phenols
Phenols react with active metals such as sodium, potassium etc. to form corresponding phenoxide. These reactions of phenols indicate its acidic nature. In phenol, the sp2 hybridized carbon of benzene ring attached directly to the hydroxyl group acts as an electron withdrawing group. Thus, it decreases the electron density on oxygen. Due to the delocalization of negative charge in the benzene ring, phenoxide ions are more stable than alkoxide ions. As a result phenols are more acidic than alcohols. In case of substituted phenols the acidity decreases if an electron donating group is attached to the ring while the acidity increases in case of electron withdrawing group.
Chirality of phenols
Phenols exhibit chirality within their molecules, for example: catechin. This chirality is due to the absence of planar and axial symmetry in the phenol molecule.
Uses of Phenol
In household cleaners and in mouthwash.
In industry, phenol is used as a starting material to make plastics, explosives such as picric acid and drugs such as aspirin.
Properties of Formaldehyde resin
Urea-formaldehyde resin's attributes include high tensile strength, flexural modulus, and a high heat distortion temperature, low water absorption, mould shrinkage, high surface hardness, elongation at break, and volume resistance.
Uses of Formaldehyde resin
These resins are used in adhesives, finishes, particle board, medium-density fibreboard (MDF), and molded objects.
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Answer:
Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin is widely used as coating, adhesive, and foam material due to its many advantages, such as the good mechanical and electrical insulation property, durability, and heat and flame resistance, producing low amounts of smoke during burning
Properties and Uses of Phenolic Resins:
Phenolic Resin
Properties Phenolic Resins :
In Phenol formaldehyde wide range of moulding powders is available in which the composition of the resin, fillers etc is varied to provide mouldings suitable for many purposes. Here compression and transfer processes commonly used. The phenolic resin’s polarizability is 10-24cm3 and Enthalpy of vaporization is 43.52 kJ/mol. It’s polar surface area is 9.23 Å2 .It has 1 H bond donor and 1 H bond acceptor. 72.5 °C is it‘s flash point, 181.8 °C at 760 mmHg it’s boiling point and 0.614 mmHg at 25°C is it’s vapor pressure. Phenolic resin has the colour is Resin itself tends to be amber-coloured. It has Wide variation depending on fillers and nature of resin. It is Smooth and has lustrous surface. Usually it seems hard and rigid, with good dimensional stability. It may be brittle in thin sections with low impact strength.
It is very easy to mould. Phenolic resin has Retain properties at freezing temperatures. The phenol formaldehyde have Improved strength and dimensional stability and Improved impact resistance and also cast resins. It’s colour is good normally transparent and may be colourless It is good dimensional stability on heating up to about 300 degree F Poor conductors of heat , so that handles of pans etc stay cool to touch. It can burn only with difficulty. Age of phenolic resin is negligible deterioration. Electrical if we will verify then it is good electrical insulators, Laminated Plastics. Properties generally related to those of moulded plastics.
Uses or Application:
Phenol formaldehyde have so many uses in different industry. Phenolic resins are mainly used in the circuit board production that is for making circuit board like PCB ….etc this phenolic resins are used. In Electrical equipment also it is needed ,caps, handles, buttons, radio cabinets, furniture, knobs, vacuum cleaner, cameras, ash trays, engine ignition equipment. It is also used in Laminated Material like Laminated sheets, rods and tubes are made in great variety from fabric, paper, wood veneers etc impregnated with phenolic, resins providing a range of materials of widely differing properties.
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