Question

properties of ALPHA scattering particles​

Answer 1

$\huge{\boxed{\sf{ANSWER-}}}$

$\huge{\boxed{\sf{\alpha\:SCATTERING\:PARTICLE-}}}$

1} NO. OF SCATTERED ALPHA PARTICLE(N)RELATED WITH THEIR SCATTERING ANGLE(THEETA).✔✔

2} NO. OF SCATTERED ALPHA PARTICLES IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE SQUARE OF K.E(KINETIC ENERGY) OF INCIDENT PARTICLES(ALPHA-PARTICLES).✔✔

$\huge{\boxed{\sf{\frac{N1}{N2}=\frac{({K.E2})^{2}\alpha}{({K.E1})^{2}\alpha}}}}$

3} NO. OF SCATTERED ALPHA-PARTICLE(N) IS PROPORTIONAL TO TGE SQUARE OF ATOMIC NUMBER OF INCIDENT ALPHA-PARTICLES & METAL TARGET.✔✔

$\huge{\boxed{\sf{\frac{N1}{N2}=\frac{({Z\alpha\:.Zmetal})^{2}1}{({Z\alpha\:Z.metal})^{2}2}}}}$

4} NO. OF SCATTERED ALPHA-PARTICLE IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE THICKNESS OF METAL TARGET.✔✔

$\huge{\boxed{\sf{\frac{N1}{N2}=\frac{X1}{X2}}}}$

5} NO. OF SCATTERED ALPHA-PARTICLE IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE FOURTH POWER OF SIN THEETA/2.(THEETA=SCATTERING ANGLES).✔✔

$\huge{\boxed{\sf{\frac{N1}{N2}=\frac{({sin})^{4}\frac{θ2}{2}}{({sin})^{4}\frac{θ1}{2}}}}}$

6} SCATTERING OF ALPHA-PARTICLES INVOLVES PERFECTLY ELASTIC COLLISON AND IT ALSO OBEYS LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY, MOMENTUM AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM.✔✔

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium-4 nucleus.

1. Alpha, α – particle carries double the positive charge of proton, which is equal to the charge on the helium nucleus.

2. Mass of an alpha, α – particle is roughly four times that of hydrogen atom i.e. it is equal to the mass of the helium nucleus. The above two properties establish that an alpha, α – particle is equivalent to helium nucleus (or a helium atom which has lost its two orbital electrons i.e. a doubly ionized helium atom).

3.Alpha, α – particles are deflected by electric and magnetic fields.

4. The velocity of alpha, α – particle ranges between 1.4 x 107 ms-1 to 2.1 x 107 ms-1 , depending upon the source emitting it.

5. Because of large mass, the penetrating power of α – particle is very small, it being 1/100 times that due to beta, β – rays and 1/10,000 times that due to γ – rays . α – particle can be easily stopped by an aluminium sheet, only 0.02 mm thick.

6. Because of large mass and large velocity, α – particle have large ionizing power. Each α – particle produces thousands of ions before being absorbed.

7. The range of alpha, α – particles in air (distance through which they can travel in air) depends upon the radioactive source producing it. At normal pressure in air, the range of α – particle varies from 3 to 8 cm.

8. Alpha, α – particles produces fluorescence in certain substances, like barium – plantinocyanide and zinc-sulphide.

9. Alpha, α – particles affected photographic plate slightly.

10. Alpha, α – particles are scattered while passing through thin metal foils. Most of the α – particles are scattered at small angles, but a few of them are scattered at an angle more than 900also.