Question

Prove by using PRINCIPLE OF MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION
n(n+1)(n+5) is a multiple of 3.

Answer 1

Answer:

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Step-by-step explanation:

Let P(n): n(n + 1)(n + 5) is a multiple of 3.

For n = 1, the given expression becomes (1 × 2 × 6) = 12, which is a multiple of 3.

So, the given statement is true for n = 1, i.e. P(1) is true.

Let P(k) be true. Then,

P(k): k(k + 1)(k + 5) is a multiple of 3

⇒ K(k + 1)(k + 5) = 3m for some natural number m, ... (i)

Now, (k + 1l)(k + 2)(k + 6) = (k + 1)(k + 2)k + 6(k + 1)(k + 2)

= k(k + 1)(k + 2) + 6(k + 1)(k + 2)

= k(k + 1)(k + 5 – 3) + 6(k + 1)(k + 2)

= k(k + 1)(k + 5) – 3k(k + 1) + 6(k + 1)(k + 2)

= k(k + 1)(k + 5) + 3(k + 1)(k +4) [on simplification]

= 3m + 3(k + 1 )(k + 4) [using (i)]

= 3[m + (k + 1)(k + 4)], which is a multiple of 3

⇒ P(k + 1): (k + 1 )(k + 2)(k + 6) is a multiple of 3

⇒ P(k + 1) is true, whenever P(k) is true.

Thus, P(1) is true and P(k + 1) is true, whenever P(k) is true.

Hence, by the principle of mathematical induction, P(n) is true for all n ∈ N.

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