Prove that emergent ray is || to incident ray mathmatically .
Esay and simple way.
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There are a number of good answers here already. I would just like to provide a different way of looking at this.
Light rays are reversible. They travel exactly the same path if they are going in the opposite direction. So if light is refracted some angle going from, say, air to glass, it would refract exactly the same angle in the opposite direction going from glass to air.
The bottom side of the slab is the reversed situation of going from glass to air.
If the two sides if the glass slab are parallel, then no new angles are introduced. The two refractions cancel out the changes in direction of the ray. But as you can see, the emergent ray is displaced laterally, although it’s parallel to the incident ray.
Light rays are reversible. They travel exactly the same path if they are going in the opposite direction. So if light is refracted some angle going from, say, air to glass, it would refract exactly the same angle in the opposite direction going from glass to air.
The bottom side of the slab is the reversed situation of going from glass to air.
If the two sides if the glass slab are parallel, then no new angles are introduced. The two refractions cancel out the changes in direction of the ray. But as you can see, the emergent ray is displaced laterally, although it’s parallel to the incident ray.
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