prove that the set of sll ordered n types over a field f is a vector space
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Managing information means taking care of it so that it works for us and is useful for the tasks we perform. By using a DBMS, the information we collect and add to its database is no longer subject to accidental disorganization. It becomes more accessible and integrated with the rest of our work. Managing information using a database allows us to become strategic users of the data we have.
We often need to access and re-sort data for various uses. These may include:
Creating mailing lists
Writing management reports
Generating lists of selected news stories
Identifying various client needs
The processing power of a database allows it to manipulate the data it houses, so it can:
Managing information means taking care of it so that it works for us and is useful for the tasks we perform. By using a DBMS, the information we collect and add to its database is no longer subject to accidental disorganization. It becomes more accessible and integrated with the rest of our work. Managing information using a database allows us to become strategic users of the data we have.
We often need to access and re-sort data for various uses. These may include:
Creating mailing lists
Writing management reports
Generating lists of selected news stories
Identifying various client needs
The processing power of a database allows it to manipulate the data it houses, so it can:
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Because of the versatility of databases, we find them powering all sorts of projects. A database can be linked to:
A website that is capturing registered users
A client-tracking application for social service organizations
A medical record system for a health care facility
Your personal address book in your email client
A collection of word-processed documents
A system that issues airline reservations
Characteristics and Benefits of a Database
There are a number of characteristics that distinguish the database approach from the file-based system or approach. This chapter describes the benefits (and features) of the database system.
Self-describing nature of a database system
A database system is referred to as self-describing because it not only contains the database itself, but also metadata which defines and describes the data and relationships between tables in the database. This information is used by the DBMS software or database users if needed. This separation of data and information about the data makes a database system totally different from the traditional file-based system in which the data definition is part of the application programs.
Insulation between program and data
In the file-based system, the structure of the data files is defined in the application programs so if a user wants to change the structure of a file, all the programs that access that file might need to be changed as well.
On the other hand, in the database approach, the data structure is stored in the system catalogue and not in the programs. Therefore, one change is all that is needed to change the structure of a file. This insulation between the programs and data is also called program-data independence.
Support for multiple views of data
A database supports multiple views of data. A view is a subset of the database, which is defined and dedicated for particular users of the system. Multiple users in the system might have different views of the system. Each view might contain only the data of interest to a user or group of users.
Sharing of data and multiuser system
Current database systems are designed for multiple users. That is, they allow many users to access the same database at the same time. This access is achieved through features called concurrency control strategies. These strategies ensure that the data accessed are always correct and that data integrity is maintained.
The design of modern multiuser database systems is a great improvement from those in the past which restricted usage to one person at a time.
Control of data redundancy
In the database approach, ideally, each data item is stored in only one place in the database. In some cases, data redundancy still exists to improve system performance, but such redundancy is controlled by application programming and kept to minimum by introducing as little redudancy as possible when designing the database.
Data sharing
The integration of all the data, for an organization, within a database system has many advantages. First, it allows for data sharing among employees and others who have access to the system. Second, it gives users the ability to generate more information from a given amount of data than would be possible without the integrat