Question

prove with an example that what happens to an acid and base in water solution

Answer 1

Acids in water solution dissociates H+ions. Let us consider the reaction between water and hydrochloric acid (HCl).  HCl in presence of water produces H+ ion. This ion cannot exist alone and hence combines with water molecules and forms H3O+. The reaction is as follows

Base when dissolved in water produces OH- ion. Let us consider the reaction between water and sodium hydroxide NaOH. NaOH in presence of water produces OH- ion.

Therefore the neutralisation stands out as follows:

Answer 2

acid forms hydronium ion whereas bases forms hydroxides