Q.1 Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
I) explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
II) What is water scarcity and what are it's main causes?
III) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi - purpose river projects.
Answers
I) Water is a renewable resource as it gets renewed by water cycle that includes three processes - evaporation, condensation and precipitation. The water that disappears from the surface of the earth due to evaporation comes back in the form of rain.
II) Shortage of water for a sustained period is called water scarcity. Growing population, over-exploitation and unequal distribution of water among social groups are the main causes of water scarcity.
III) A multipurpose project is that which simultaneously serves several purposes. A dam built across a river often serves more than one purpose at a time and it is termed as a multipurpose project. It comes with some advantages at the same time some disadvantages. The advantages are flood control in flood-prone areas, irrigation facilities, hydroelectricity, check soil erosion etc. On the other hand, it has disadvantages such as, it restricts the natural flow of the river and the sediments are deposited in the river bed, it causes deforestation and disturbs the aqua life of the river.
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