Q:1 Describe with the help of a diagram the working of a simple electroscope which is used to detect a charged body.
Q:2 What is a Seismograph ? Explain its working with the help of diagram.
Q:3 Make a project on Case study of Ganga Action plan. (Water pollution)
Q:4 Make a project on Case study of Taj Mahal. (Air pollution)
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
1] Electroscope is a device which is used to test if an object is carrying charge or not. It consists of 2 metal leaves which are connected to a metal rod which in turn is connected to a disc. Whenever an object strikes the electroscope which has a positive charge, the same positive charge will be conducted to the leaves. These leaves are metallic and as they carry same charge so they repel each other. When the leaves move away from each other this means the object is a charged body and if they come close to each other this implies object is uncharged.
2] A seismograph, or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes. Generally, it consists of a mass attached to a fixed base. During an earthquake, the base moves and the mass does not. The motion of the base with respect to the mass is commonly transformed into an electrical voltage.
3]Reasons behind the Pollution of Ganga
Industries
There are 4600 industries in Uttarakhand out of which 298 are seriously polluting industries. There are many industries which have not taken permission from the Uttarakhand pollution control board for their operations and they started their operation based on the advisory of the government in which the government exempted certain classes of industries from taking permission. The sewage treatment and advanced technology for the treatment of the wastes are not used despite government strict regulations.
4] Over the past 2 decades, India’s most famous tourist attraction. Taj Mahal located In Agra. has become a matter of concern. Experts have warned that pollutants In air are discolouring Its white marble. So. It Is not only living organisms that get affected by polluted air but non-living things like buildings, monuments and statues also get affected.
The Industries located in and around Agra like rubber processing, automobile, chemicals and especially the Mathura oil refinery, have been responsible for producing pollutants like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide. These gases react with the water vapour present In the atmosphere to form sulphuric acid and nitric acid.