Q.1 Give example of each
A. reticulate venation
B. Parasitic roots
C. stems as climbers
d. insects as pollinating agent.
Q.2 what is pollination?
Q.3 How petals are different from sepals?
Q.4 what are two types of pollination? Explain.
Q.5 what are two types of root system?
Answers
Answer:
A. e.g hibiscus,papaya, coriander
B. cassytha and cuscuta
C. money plant,grapevine,cucumber
D. butterfly,honey bee, flower beetal
1.Pollination is the transfer of pollen from a male part of a plant to a female part of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds, most often by an animal or by wind.[1] Pollinating agents are animals such as insects, birds, and bats; water; wind; and even plants themselves, when self-pollination occurs within a closed flower.
sepals
i) Sepals forms outer whorl of the flower.
ii) Sepals are unit of calyx.
iii) Sepals are mostly green in color.
iv) It appears leaf like.
v) Function is to protect the inner parts of the budding flower and also to hold together the inner lying floral parts intact.
petals
i) Petals forms inner whorl of the flower.
ii) Petals are unit of corolla.
iii) Petals are brightly colored.
iv) It is petalloid.
v) Function is to attract the pollinators and providing protection to reproductive organs of the flower.
3.Pollination takes two forms: self-pollination and cross-pollination. Self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the anther is deposited on the stigma of the same flower, or another flower on the same plant. Cross-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different individual of the same species. Self-pollination occurs in flowers where the stamen and carpel mature at the same time, and are positioned so that the pollen can land on the flower’s stigma. This method of pollination does not require an investment from the plant to provide nectar and pollen as food for pollinators.
4.Root systems are mainly of two types (Figure 1). Dicots have a tap root system, while monocots have a fibrous root system. A tap root system has a main root that grows down vertically, and from which many smaller lateral roots arise. Dandelions are a good example; their tap roots usually break off when trying to pull these weeds, and they can regrow another shoot from the remaining root). A tap root system penetrates deep into the soil. In contrast, a fibrous root system is located closer to the soil surface, and forms a dense network of roots that also helps prevent soil erosion (lawn grasses are a good example, as are wheat, rice, and corn). Some plants have a combination of tap roots and fibrous roots. Plants that grow in dry areas often have deep root systems, whereas plants growing in areas with abundant water are likely to have shallower root systems.
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