Question

Q.1 Give reasons: 1.Salinity increases in the mid-latitudinal zones.

Answer 1

Explanation:

The intensity of salinity depends on the rate of evaporation and supply of freshwater.

The mid-latitudinal zones experience almost perpendicular sunrays leading to higher tempurature and evidently increasing the rate of evaporation.

Also, in the mid-latitudinal zones, major part of the oceans is present leading to more minerals and less supply of freshwater.

Therefore,higher rate of evaporation and lesser supply of freshwater is responsinle for the increase in salinity in mid-latitudinal zones.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Sea Surface Salinity: Sea water is about a 3.49% salt solution, the rest is freshwater. The more saline, the denser the seawater. As the range of salt concentration in the ocean varies from about 3.2 to 3.8%, oceanographers refer to salt content as 'salinity', express salt concentration as parts per thousand; 34.9 ppt is the average salinity. As seawater evaporates the salt remains behind, only the freshwater is transferred from the ocean to the atmosphere. A region of excess evaporation, such as the subtropics tends to become salty, while the areas of excess rainfall become fresher. Sea ice formation also removes freshwater from the ocean, leaving behind a more saline solution. Along the shores of Antarctica this process produces dense water. Salinity reflects the workings of the hydrological cycle: the movement of freshwater through the earth/ocean/atmosphere system.

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