Question

Q. 1=>Write the characteristics of the sub kingdom phanerogams.



Q. 2=>Write the characteristics of the plants belonging to division bryophyta.
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Answer 1

The sub-kingdom Phanerogamae consists of plants that bear seeds with evident reproductive organs called as “Flowers”. They are the most advanced plants, with well-developed roots, leaves, stems, and flowers.

The sub-kingdom Phanerogamae is divided into 2 groups – Angiosperms and Gymnosperms, based on the presence or absence of fruits, or the presence of naked ovules or protected ovules.

The main characteristics of Phanerogams are:

1.       They have a saprophytic body, and is well differentiated into true roots, stems, and leaves.

2.       Well developed vascular tissues are present, which forms the vascular system.

3.       Well-developed, multi-cellular sex organs are present.

4.       After fertilization, the embryo develops from the fertilized egg.


(2) BRAYOPHYTA-

1] THE PLANTS OF THESE GROUP HAVE ROOTS AND STEMS AND LEAF LIKE STRUCTURE

2] IT IS ALSOKNOWN AS AMPHIBIAN OF PLANTAE KINGDOM

3] THEYARE PREDOMINATELY AQUATIC

4] FOR EXAMPLE- MARCHANTIA AND FUNARIA

HOPE HELPED

N ALSO MRK BRAINLIEST IF HELPED..


 

Answer 2

$\huge\underline{\underline{\textbf{A{\textbf{\red{nswer}}}}}}$


$\underline{\bold{\red{Answer\:1)}}}$


$\bold{Phanerogams}$ are seed bearing plants. Phanero means evident and gamos means marriage.

These are terrestrial, eukaryotic and multicellular plants.

They produce their own food by photosynthesis (Photoautotropic).

The plant body is saprophytic and is differentiated into stem, leaves and roots.


$\underline{Phanerogams\: is\: \:divided\: into\: 2\: groups}$ (sub-groups).

» $Angiosperms$

» $Gymnosperms$


$\bold{Angiosperms}$

• These are flowering plants, the pollen grains and ovules are developed in specialised structures called flowers.

• The seeds are enclosed inside the fruits.

• They provide us food, fuel, medicines and several other commercially important products.

• They are developed into 2 classes :- the Dicotyledons and the Monocotyledons.


$\bold{Gymnosperms}$

• Gymnos meams naked and sperma means seed i.e. plants with naked seeds.

• These are mostly evergreen and woody plants.

• The plant body is differentiated into root, stem and leaves.

• These plants posses vascular tissues which are arranged in vascular bundles.

• The seeds of Gymnosperms don't occur inside a fruit.

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$\underline{\bold{\red{Answer\:2)}}}$


$\bold{Bryophyta}$ consists of 2 words. Bryon means moss and phyton means plants.

They usually grow in moist and shady areas.

Life cycle of Bryophyta consists of 2 phases :- Gametophytic phase and Sporophytic phase.


$\underline{Bryophyta \:classified\: into\: three\: main}$ $\underline{groups\: :}$

» Liverwort

» Hornwort

» Mosses


$\bold{Liverwort}$

• Grow mostly in moist and shady areas.

• Their body is thalloid.

• Asexual reproduction by fragmentation and by specialised structure called gemmae, asexual buds called gemmae cups; located on the thalli.

• Example :- Marchantia.


$\bold{Mosses}$

• Grow in tropic parts of Antarctica. And some mosses grows in deserts.

• The Gametophytic plant body is leafy shows radial symmetry.

• The Gametophytic which consists of two stages in life cycle.

1) Protonema stage; which develop directly from spore.

2) The second stage is leafy stage; which develop from secondary protolemma.

• Sex organs are antheridia and achegonia are produced at the apix of a leafy shoot.

Vegetative reproduction by fragmentation and budding.

After fertilization; Zygote develop into Sporophyte which is differentiated into foot, seta or capsula.

• Example :- Funaria.

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