Question

Q.1.Raja was asked by his teacher to separate a liquid mixture of acetone and ethyl
alcohol. He set up a distillation apparatus and tried to distil the mixture. To his
surprise, both the liquids got distilled. The teacher told Raja to repeat the experiment by
using a fractionating column in the distillation flask. Raja followed the advice of the
teacher and he was able to separate the two liquids.
1. Why was Raja not successful in separating the liquid mixture earlier?
2. Why did teacher ask him to use the fractionating column?
3. Which liquid was distilled first?

Answer 1

Explanation:

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Answer 2

(i) The difference in boiling point temperatures of acetone (56∘C) and ethyl alcohol (78∘C) is only 22∘C. Therefore, process of simple distillation fails in this case.

(ii) Fractionating column is quite effective in this case because it obstructs the distillation of ethyl alcohol which is high boiling and at the same time helps in the distillation of acetone which is low boiling.

(iii) Acetone was distilled first since it has comparatively low boiling point.