Question

Q.1 Read the following passage carefully. (8 M)

Without oil the modern world could not exist. Oil is needed for travel, because it powers our motor

cars, buses, trains, aeroplanes and ships. Oil helps machines of all kinds, to run easily. Oil also gives us other

substances, such as artificial rubber, artificial materials for clothing, and new materials for making things.

Yet till a hundred years ago no one used oil for any of these purposes. In fact, no one knew that much oil

existed. Men do not make oil; they find it. They look for oil in many ways. They begin by making a map of

the land where they are searching. Then they use the map to help them in choosing a site to explore with

more care. They start their work by examining the rock from under the surface and come to know whether oil

is likely to be underneath the rock.

To find out how deeply the oil is buried they need to know how far under the surface the rock is. If

everything seems hopeful the men decide to drill down through the rock. In this way they find out whether

oil really does lie underneath it. Often this test – well, as it is called, is far away from any town and there is

much work to do before any drilling starts. Houses and roads must be built for the people coming to drill the

test – well. Then the big derrick that carries the drill must be put up. This derrick is a strong framework of

steel about 45 meters high. The drill is raised and lowered from inside the derrick.

Drilling for oil often means making a well that goes very deep into the earth. Such deep wells have

never been made until modern times. The rate of drilling depends upon the kind of rock being drilled: it can

be as fast as 60 meters an hour. Drilling is usually done on dry land, but we can also drill the rock under

lakes or seas by putting the derrick on a special platform above the water.

Answer the following questions.

1. How is oil useful to machines?

2. How do men go about looking for oil?

3. Complete the sentences.

(a) Drilling for oil often means _________.

(b) The rate of drilling depends upon _________.

(c) Drilling is usually done on _________.

(d) To find out how deeply the oil is buried we need to _________.​

Answer 1

1) Oil is needed for travel, because it powers our motor

2)