Q 1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions/complete the statements that follow:
India is a predominantly agricultural country. The well-being of Indian economy is directly connected with the welfare of her masses dwelling in the rural areas. With the scientific and industrial development, we had to adopt a vigorous industrial policy. However, the introduction of mechanised, heavy and large-scale industries have negative impact which adversely affects the environment, society and economy of this country.
Throughout, India has been proud of her rural cottage industries. The silk produced by the village-weavers had been a source of attraction all over the world. With the advent of heavy mechanical industries began the chapter of the decline of our village cottage industries. Another attack is that with the creation of heavy mechanised industries in the urban areas, the rural population would start mass migration into towns and cities, thereby making the unemployment problem more acute and complex. Due to industrialisation, there is constant depletion of natural resources. Many industries are powered by thermal power plants that consume coal. Since, large industries are spread over many acres of land, agricultural lands and forests are often cleared to make available the required land. Large industries emit many harmful gases into the environment. The introduction of harmful chemicals into air leads to air pollution. The noises that it produces lead to noise pollution. Out of the degenerating effects of heavy industries is born contention. In developed nations, most of these heavy industries are engaged in the production of war materials. With a lot of war weapons in hands, there has been an increase in war-like situation among countries.
It is not industrialisation, rather the greed and selfishness behind the industrialisation which produce adverse effect on the moral and spiritual life of people. Our industrial policy does not discourage private industrial enterprises. But, our government must be cautious in maintaining good relations between capitalists and labourers.
a) Answer the following questions.
1.Give reasons for the problem of unemployment faced by India.
Answers
Answer:
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It is not industrialisation, rather the greed and selfishness behind the industrialisation which produce adverse effect on the moral and spiritual life of people. Our industrial policy does not discourage private industrial enterprises. But, our government must be cautious in maintaining good relations between capitalists and labourers.
a) Answer the following questions.
1.Give reasons for the problem of unemployment faced by India.
The introduction of machines, the demand for human labour decreased hence creating unemployment.
On the other hand, new and heavily mechanised industries led to mass migration of rural population into towns and cities, also increasing unemployment.
If the question is of greater marks you can always elaborate and borrow the language from the text.