Question

Q-1 What do you mean by 'Swadeshi'?
Q-2 Define the Rowlatt Act?.
Q-3 When was the first round table conference held?
Q-4 Discuss the Gandhi Irwin pact,1931?
Q-5 Discuss any two objectives of the Non- Cooperation movement?​

Answer 1

$\underline{\underline{\bf{\red{Answer\::-1}}}}$

'Swadeshi' means belongs to India and  goods are produced in India, Swadeshi promote the native cottage industries.

$\underline{\underline{\bf{\red{Answer\::-2}}}}$

It was the Black act which gave the British government enormous powers to repress the political activities and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years, is called the Rowlatt Act.

$\underline{\underline{\bf{\red{Answer\::-3}}}}$

The first round conference held in London, by the Gandhi - Irwin pact in 5 march, 1931 .

$\underline{\underline{\bf{\red{Answer\::-4}}}}$

The growing intensity of the Civil Disobedience Movement concerned Lord Irwin, Viceroy of India.So he opened negotiations with Gandhiji.

The main provisions among many others were as follows :

• The Civil Disobedience Movement was to be withdrawn.
• Peaceful picketing was allowed, but picketing for the boycott of foreign goods was not be allowed beyond a limit permissible by law.
• The national congress was to participate in the second round Table Conference.

$\underline{\underline{\bf{\red{Answer\::-5}}}}$

In 1919, the political scenario forced Gandhiji  to start Non - Cooperation Movement against the British.

1. Beginning of Non - Cooperation Movement :

Non - Cooperation Movement finally began on 1st August, 1920, when the British Government had refused to accept the demands of nationalists. Then,the congress in June, 1920, organised an all party meeting at Allahabad to adopt the plan to boycott schools, colleges, courts etc. Finally, in September, 1920, the Congress converted a special session at Calcutta in which the proposal to start the movement was initiated.

2. Prohibitive plans of Non - Cooperation Movement :

• Return of degrees and honorary rights.
• Registration by nominated officers from local bodies.
• Common people refused to join the military or other government services.
• Refusal to go the government courts & their boycott by lawyers.