Question

Q.1-Write the important points of Rutherfords atomic model and Neil Bohr's model?
Q2-Define-1)Atomic number
2)atomic mass number
3)atom
4)electronic configuration

Answer 1

Answer:

Bohr Model of atom:

An atom is made up of three particles: Electrons, neutrons, and protons.

1. The protons and neutrons are located in a small nucleus at the centre of the atom.

2. The electrons revolve rapidly around the nucleus at the centre of the atom.

3. There is a limit to the number of electrons that each energy level can hold.

4. Each energy level is associated with a fixed amount of energy.

5. There is no change in the energy of electrons as long as they keep revolving in the same energy level.

Bohr explained the stability through the concept of the revolution of electrons in different energy levels. The change in the energy of an electron occurs when it jumps from lower to higher energy levels. When it gains energy, it excites from lower to higher and vice versa. Thus energy is not lost and the atom remains stable.

(b) Given: Atomic no. = 11

Mass no. = 23

Then, electronic configuration - (2,8,1)

Nuclear composition is - 11 protons and 12 neutrons

Answer 2

Explanation:

1.Bohr modified Rutherford's model where he explained that electrons move around in fixed orbital shells. Furthermore, he explained that each orbital shell has fixed energy levels. Therefore, Rutherford basically explained a nucleus of an atom whereas Bohr took the model one step ahead.

2.1.The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons define the identity of an element

2.Together, the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element's mass number: mass number = protons + neutrons.

3.An atom is the smallest unit of ordinary matter that forms a chemical element

4.There are four different orbital shapes: s, p, d, and f. Within each shell, the s subshell is at a lower energy than the p. An orbital diagram is used to determine an atom's electron configuration. There are guidelines for determining the electron configuration of an atom.