Question

Q. 11. How is carbolic acid prepared from amino benzene?​

Answer 1

Explanation:

When aniline (C6H5NH2) is warmed with a mixture of sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid (nitrous acid), phenol (C6H5OH) is formed. Carbolic acid is another name of phenol. At very low temperatures (below 5 degree C), the above reaction yields benzenediazonium chloride.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Carbolic acid can be prepared from diazonium salt( $ArN_{2}Cl$ )

Explanation:

• Carbolic acid is also known as phenol.

• Phenol can be prepared from diazonium salts.

• Aromatic primary amines react with nitrous acid in presence of a strong mineral acid at 0°C to give diazonium compounds. This reaction is known as diazotization.

• When aniline reacts with nitrous acid in the presence of hydrochloric acid at 0°C benzene diazonium chloride is formed.

                  $ArNH_{2} +HCl$   →  $ArNH_{2}.HCl$

                $ArNH_{3}Cl +HONO$  → $ArN_{2}Cl$ $+ 2H_{2}O$

• When a diazonium chloride salt solution is warmed or added slowly to a hot dilute acid solution, phenol is formed. The formation of phenol from diazonium chloride is a hydrolysis reaction.

            $C_6H_5N_{2}Cl +H_{2}O$        →      $C_6H_5-OH + HCl +N_{2}$

  Benzene diazonium chloride          Phenol