Q. 12. Differentiate between : (a) Orbit and Orbital (b) Emission and absorption spectra
Answers
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a) Orbit and Orbital
1.An orbit is the simple planar representation of an electron.
1.An orbital refers to the dimensional motion of an electron around the nucleus in a three dimensional motion.
2It can be simply defined as the path that gets established in a circular motion by revolving the electron around the nucleus
2An orbital can simply be defined as the space or the region where the electron is likely to be found the most.
3The shape of molecules cannot be explained by an orbit as they are non directional by nature.
3The shapes of the molecules can be found out as they are directional by nature.
4An orbit that is well defined goes against the Heisenberg principle.
4 An ideal orbital agrees with the theory of Heisenberg’s Principles.
Emission and absorption spectra
Emission Spectra Absorption Spectra
1Produced when atoms release energy
1 Produced when atoms absorb energy
2Comprise coloured lines in the spectrum
2Comprise dark lines or gaps in the spectrum
3It is helpful in figuring out the composition of a certain matter
3Can be used to figure out the ability of certain objects to retain heat and its absorption level
4The type of photons emitted is helpful in figuring out the kind of elements the substance is made of as each element radiates a different amount of energy and has a unique emission level
4The wavelengths of light absorbed is helpful in figuring out the number of substances in the sample.