Q.16. What do you mean by IPO cycle?
Q.17. Write the difference between Primary and Auxiliary memory.
Q.18. Define ciphertext.
Q.19. Define Monolithic kernel.
Q.20. (a) What is Microblogging?
Or,
(b) Define Cloud Storage.
Q.21. Define the basic sections of CPU.
Q.22. Differentiate RAM vs ROM.
Q.23. Define Bespoke software.
Q.24. Define: (i) Device Driver, (ii) File System
Q.25. (a) What is encryption and decryption?
Or,
(iii) Anti
(b) Short note on -(i) Word Processor (ii) Electronic Spreadsheet
blo of onerating System.
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
16) Input, Output and Process
IPO refers to Input, Output and Process. As the title suggests, the IPO cycle is the input & output after the process of the information. People must give input first to get output, and then the input must be processed to get the desired outcome.
17) The key difference between primary and secondary memory is that primary memory can be directly accessed by the CPU whereas, the CPU can not directly access the secondary memory. The primary memory of the computer is also known as the main memory of the computer. However, secondary memory is known as auxiliary memory.
18) In cryptography, ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher.
19) A monolithic kernel is an operating system architecture where the entire operating system is working in kernel space. The monolithic model differs from other operating system architectures in that it alone defines a high-level virtual interface over computer hardware.
20) a) Microblogging is an online broadcast medium that exists as a specific form of blogging. ... Micro-blogs "allow users to exchange small elements of content such as short sentences, individual images, or video links", which may be the major reason for their popularity. These small messages are sometimes called micro posts.
b) Cloud storage is a model of computer data storage in which the digital data is stored in logical pools, said to be on "the cloud". The physical storage spans multiple servers, and the physical environment is typically owned and managed by a hosting company.
21) The CPU is made up of three main components, the control unit , the immediate access store and the arithmetic and logic unit .
22) RAM is volatile memory, which means that the information temporarily stored in the module is erased when you restart or shut down your computer. ... Find out if your computer needs more memory. ROM is non-volatile memory, which means the information is permanently stored on the chip.
23) Customised software is software that is specially developed for some specific organization or other user. As such, it can be contrasted with the use of software packages developed for the mass market, such as commercial off-the-shelf software, or existing free software.
24)i ) In computing, a device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer. ... Drivers are hardware dependent and operating-system-specific. They usually provide the interrupt handling required for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interface.
ii ) A file system is a process that manages how and where data on a storage disk, typically a hard disk drive (HDD), is stored, accessed and managed. It is a logical disk component that manages a disk's internal operations as it relates to a computer and is abstract to a human user.
25) a) In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding information. This process converts the original representation of the information, known as plaintext, into an alternative form known as ciphertext. Ideally, only authorized parties can decipher a ciphertext back to plaintext and access the original information.
b) I) A word processor is software or a device that allows users to create, edit, and print documents. It enables you to write text, store it electronically, display it on a screen, modify it by entering commands and characters from the keyboard, and print it. Of all computer applications, word processing is the most common
ii ) A spreadsheet is a software application that enables a user to save, sort and manage data in an arranged form of rows and columns. A spreadsheet stores data in a tabular format as an electronic document. An electronic spreadsheet is based on and is similar to the paper-based accounting worksheet