Q.18. Read the following paragraph and answer any four questions from 18
li you look around, you will find many things and objects. Everything in the univers
made up of matter. Fach matter consists of very small particks with diferent size and
mass. Different state of matters have different properties:
Which of the following is not the property of solids?
(a) Definite shape and definite volume
(b) Forces of attraction between the particles ae minimum
(c Interparticle spaces are minimum.
The constituent particles simply oscillate about their equilibrium positions
Liquids diffuse slowly as compared to gases because :
(a The molecules of liquids move faster.
(b) Liquids do not have definite shape,
(c) In liquids, the constituent particles are held by stronger forces as
compared to particles in gases.
(d) The interparticle distance is more in liquids
Which of the following is not a fluid ?
(a) Water (b) Air
(C) Sand
(d) Alcohol
(iv) The state of matter can be changed by changing
Temperature
(b) Pressure
of Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
(v) Which of the following cannot be considered as matter?-
(a) Sugar
Water A Affection
196) (19
Answers
Answer:
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Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses hot and cold. It is the manifestation of thermal energy, present in all matter, which is the source of the occurrence of heat, a flow of energy, when a body is in contact with another that is colder or hotter.
Temperature
Thermometer CF.svg
Two thermometers showing temperature in Celsius and Fahrenheit.
Common symbols
T
SI unit
K
Other units
°C, °F, °R, °Rø, °Ré, °N, °D, °L, °W
Intensive?
Yes
Derivations from
other quantities
{\displaystyle {\frac {pV}{nR}}}{\displaystyle {\frac {pV}{nR}}}, {\displaystyle {\frac {dq_{\text{rev}}}{dS}}}{\displaystyle {\frac {dq_{\text{rev}}}{dS}}}
Dimension
Θ
Thermal vibration of a segment of protein alpha helix: The amplitude of the vibrations increases with temperature.
Average daily variation in human body temperature
Temperature is measured with a thermometer. Thermometers are calibrated in various temperature scales that historically have used various reference points and thermometric substances for definition. The most common scales are the Celsius scale (formerly called centigrade, denoted as °C), the Fahrenheit scale (denoted as °F), and the Kelvin scale (denoted as K), the last of which is predominantly used for scientific purposes by conventions of the International System of Units (SI).
The lowest theoretical temperature is absolute zero, at which no more thermal energy can be extracted from a body. Experimentally, it can only be approached very closely (100 pK), but not reached, which is recognized in the third law of thermodynamics.
Temperature is important in all fields of natural science, including physics, chemistry, Earth science, astronomy, medicine, biology, ecology, material science, metallurgy, mechanical engineering and geography as well as most aspects of daily life.