Question

Q-2 Explain the difference on the basis of properties
(3) Useful micro organisms and harmful micro organisms.

Answer 1

Explanation:

Microorganisms are small organisms invisible to the naked eye because of their extremely small size.� They are grouped into various groups like Bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa and viruses. Many of these organisms are useful to human and nature while some are harmful and even cause diseases. �

• Type - Useful microorganisms, Harmful microorganisms
• Bacteria-Lactobacillus (curd bacteria), Salmonella typhi (causes typhoid)
• Fungi- Penicillium notatum (to make antibiotics) ,Trichophyton rubrum (Athlete's foot)
• Algae -Anabaena (biological nitrogen fixation) ,blue-green algae and red tides (produce toxins)
• Protozoa-Paramecium (kills harmful bacteria) Plasmodium,(malaria fever)
• Virus-polio, chicken pox (to make vaccines), HIV (causes AIDS)

Answer 2

Difference between useful microorganisms and harmful microorganisms:-

Useful Microorganisms -

• A wide range of microbes are used in the production of industrial products like lactic acid, alcohol, acetic acid, etc
• Antibiotics are also produced by some useful microorganisms like penicillin, streptomycin, etc
• Biogas is produced by certain microbes.

Harmful microorganisms-

• They are the causative agent of many diseases in plants and animals.
• For example, red rot in sugarcane is caused by a fungus.
• There are many diseases that microbes can cause in humans like tuberculosis, pneumonia, malaria, etc