Q. 21. What is a fractionating column ?
Explain its advantage.
Answers
Answer:
Fractionating columns help to separate the mixture by allowing the mixed vapors to cool, condense, and vaporize again in accordance with Raoult's law. With each condensation-vaporization cycle, the vapors are enriched in a certain component. A larger surface area allows more cycles, improving separation.
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Answer:
Explanation:
A fractionating column or fractional column is an essential item used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on the differences in volatilities. Fractionating columns are used in small scale laboratory distillations as well as large scale industrial distillations.
List of Advantages of Fractional Distillation
1. It’s easy to implement.
One of the biggest benefits of fractional distillation is that it’s easy to use. As long as you set up a fully functional and well-designed system, you can leave it as is to do its job. You only need to check the system on a regular basis to ensure it’s functioning properly, find out if it needs repairs, and fix whatever needs fixing. Modern fractional distillation setups are automated using microprocessors, which make the process even easier.
2. It’s highly effective and efficient.
Fractional distillation has been proven by countless experiments and actual processes to be effective. In fact, it’s widely used in many industrial settings to create the products that modern society needs. Fractional distillation is also highly efficient, especially for systems that use stacked distillation columns, which produce more output at lower costs.
3. It helps produce much-needed fuel.
Fractional distillation is used to refine crude oil and produce diesel, kerosene, gasoline, naphtha (used in creating chemicals), and bitumen (used for roofs and roads). With this in mind, it’s easy to conclude that fractional distillation has greatly contributed to the advancement and modernization of human life.
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