Question

Q.24. Write a note on:
a) Giuseppe Mazzini
b) Count Camillo de Cavour
c) The Greek war of independence
d) Frankfurt parliament
e) The role of women in nationalist struggles​

Answer 1

Answer:

hope it will help u.....

Explanation:

a) Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian Revolutionary born in January in 1807 . He was the member of the secret society of the carbonari . At the age of 24 he was sent into to exile in 1831 for attempting a revolution in Liguria.He founded underground societies named 'young Europe' in Berne, whose member s were like

minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and German states.

b) count camilo de cavour was chief minister of serdina -peidmont state who led the movement to unify the regions of Italy. He was neither a revolutionary not a Democrat. like many other wealthy and educated member of Italian Elite he spoke French better than Italian. through a tractful and

diplomatic alliance with France, which was engineered by cavour Sardinia pedmont succeeded in defeating the Austria forces in 1859.

1. c) Greek war of independence: Greece had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the 15th century. the growth of revolutionary Nationalism in Europe sparked off a a struggle for independence almost the greeks which begin in 1821.
2. Nationalist in Greece got support from other Greek living in exile and also form several West Europeans who had soft corners for ancient Greek culture .
3. poets and artists lauded Greece as the the cradle of European civilization and mobilized public opinion to support its struggle against the the Ottoman Empire .

4. Finally with the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832

Greece became and independent Nation .

Frankfurt Parliament:

1. in 1848 Germany was divided country with different provinces like Austria and prussia .
2. in February 1848 when a rebellion took place in Paris King Louis Philippe e was forced to run away full stop this ultimately boosted the confidence of other countries also and Revolt started throughout Europe
3. many German cities shaken by the rewards of crowds full stop this lead to the fall of the conservative government it and liberals called for the the national assembly .
4. it was attended by 831 delegates from all over Germany in a church in Frankfurt on May 18,1848
5. frederic velleman four was elected as the President but in IT turned out to be futile due to lack of experience of despite.

6. however the Assembly continued its work and complete a constitution radical political groups in Germany try to impose the constitution through the civil war but were suppressed .

1. e) the role of women in Nationalist struggle : a large number of women participate actively in political matters over the year
2. form any political association for the newspaper and took part in political meetings and demonstration
3. this grab the attention of delegates of the Frankfurt Parliament show on 18 May 1848 when the constitution was drafted in the Frankfurt Parliament the controversial issue of the extending political rights of women was raised
4. still women were deprived of surface rights during the election of the assembly and they were admitted in the Frankfurt Parliament assembly only a spectators .
5. but this didn't diminish there contribute on the national struggle .

Answer 2

Question :-

1. Write a Note on:

a) Giuseppe Mazzini

b) Count Camilo de Cavour

c) The Greek War of Independence

d) The Frankfurt Parliament

e) The role of women in nationalist struggles

Answer :-

a) Giuseppe Mazzini: Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary. He was born in Genoa in 1807. He

was a member of the secret society of the Carbonari. At the age of 24, he was sent into exile in 1831 for

attempting a revolution in Liguria. He founded underground societies named ‘Young Italy’ in Marseilles

and ‘Young Europe’ in Berne, whose members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy

and the German States. He believed that God had intended nations to be the natural units of mankind.

So, Italy had to be forged into a single unified republic within a wider alliance of nations.

b) Count Camilo de Cavour: Cavour was chief minister of Sardinia-Piedmont state who led the movement

to unify the regions of Italy. He was neither a revolutionary nor a democrat. Like many other wealthy and

educated members of the Italian elite, he spoke French much better than he did Italian. He engineered a

careful diplomatic alliance with France, which helped Sardinia-Piedmont defeat the Austrian forces in

1859, and thereby free the northern part of Italy from the Austrian Habsburgs.

c) The Greek War of Independence: Greece was a part of the Ottoman Empire since the 15th century.

The struggle for independence amongst the Greeks began in 1821. Nationalists in Greece got support

from other Greeks living in exile and also from many Western Europeans sharing sympathies for ancient

Greek culture. Poets and artists lauded Greece as the cradle of European civilisation and mobilised public

opinion to support its struggle against a Muslim empire. Finally, the Treaty of Constantinople of 1832

recognised Greece as an independent nation.

d) The Frankfurt Parliament: It was an all-German National Assembly formed by a large number of

political associations whose members were middle-class professionals, businessmen and prosperous

artisans. Its first meeting was convened on 18 May 1848 in the Church of St. Paul at Frankfurt. They

drafted a constitution for the German nation to be headed by a monarchy subject to a parliament. The

king of Prussia rejected the crown offered by the deputies of parliament and joined other monarchs to

oppose the elected assembly. As it was dominated by the middle classes who resisted the demands of

workers and artisans and consequently lost their support. In the end, troops were called in and the

assembly was forced to disband.

e) The role of women in nationalist struggles: The issue of extending political rights to women was a

controversial one within the liberal movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively

over the years. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part

in political meetings and demonstrations. Despite this, they were denied suffrage during the election of

the Assembly. When the Frankfurt Parliament convened in the Church of St. Paul, women were admitted

only as observers to stand in the visitors’ gallery.

Here's your answer ❤

Hope it helps ❤