Q. 3. Answer question numbers 3(a) to 3(d) on the basis of your
understanding of the following paragraph and the related studied
concepts.
The dog is an example of how selection can change the frequency of
alleles in a population. Dog have been artificially selected for certain
characteristics for many years and different breeds have different alleles.
(a) What do you understand by the term artificial selection?
(b) Which of the following statements is not true about micro evolution?
(i) Changes are small even though they are significant.
Quy It properly explains how many new species come into existence.
(iii) It simply changes the common characteristics of a particular
species,
(iv) Two independent species can be evolved.
(c) Write the term for the type of evolution being discussed in the example
in the passage.
(d) What name would you give to the type of allele discussed in the above
Answers
Answer:
fellow me than i will fellow u
Nature provides the variation among different organisms, and humans select those variations they find useful.
Explanation:
a) Artificial selection- It is also known as Selective breeding. Here humans decide which organisms get to reproduce. By using this process we can develop new kind organisms with desirable characteristics. As because it is artificially selected by humans, not by nature, it’s called artificial selection.
For example-All the different breeds of dogs are a result of artificial selection; they are originated from wild wolf.
b) “Two independent species can be evolved.” This statement about micro evolution is not true. Because micro evolution happens in small scales, that means it occurs within a single population, not in different species.
c) In the example of the above passage, it’s discussed about micro-evolution. An ancestral species of dog we produce different kinds of dogs, with different characteristics. So we select certain features from different dog species and we breed them together to create different types of dogs. So this evolution is residing under one population of dog so we call it as micro evolution.
d) In the example of the above passage, it’s discussed about Mutant Allele. Due to mutation from a single ancestral species of dog, we produce totally different kinds of dogs.