Question

Q.3 Short Answer Questions. 1.Many microbes are used at home during preparation of food items. Comment onsuch useful ones with examples.
2. What is biogas? Write in brief about the production process.
3. Write a note on biocontrol agents.
4. Name any two enzymes and antibiotics with their microbial source.
5. Write priciples of farm management.
6. Give economic importance of fishery.
7. Enlist the species of honey bee mentioningtheir specific uses​

Answer 1

Answer:

1)Many microbes are used at home during preparation of food items. Comment on such useful ones with examples.

Propiobacterium shermanii - Used in preparation Swiss Cheese.

P.roquefortii - Roquefort Cheese.

Lactobacillus - Curd Preparation.

Acetobacter aceti - Acetic Acid.

2)Biogas is the mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. ... The gases methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (CO) can be combusted or oxidized with oxygen. This energy release allows biogas to be used as a fuel; it can be used for any heating purpose, such as cooking

3)Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests such as insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role.

4) Chloromycetin Streptomyces venezuelae

and Erythromycin Streptomyces erythreus

5)The Law of Diminishing Marginal Returns:

This law states that “An increase in the capital and labour applied to the cultivation of land causes in general a loss than the proportionate increase in the amount of produce raised unless it happens to coincide with an improvement in the art of agriculture.”

6)Sustainable, productive fisheries and aquaculture improve food and nutrition security, increase income and improve livelihoods, promote economic growth and protect our environment and natural resources.

7)Enlist the species of honey bees.

Answer:

Apis florea is dwarf species of the honey bee. ...

Apis dorsata (Apidae) = Rock bee.

Apis cerana indica (Apidae) = The Indian hive bee.

Apis florea = The little bee.

Apis mellifera (Apidae) = The European or Italian bee.

Melipona irridipennis = Stingless bee.

Answer 2

Answer:

2-

Biogas is a type of biofuel naturally produced from the decomposition of organic matter. When this organic matter is exposed to an environment without oxygen they free a blend of gases.

Explanation:

THE PROCESS

The biogas plant receives all kinds of organic waste - typically livestock manure and organic industrial waste. The dry solid in livestock manure contains carbon, among other things, and in the process this carbon is transformed into biogas, a compound of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2).

The manure and waste are mixed in the plant's receiving tank before being heated to 38-52°C/100-125.6°F and pumped into the digester in which the biogas is produced. The biomass stays in the digester for 2-3 weeks and the fermented slurry can subsequently be used as crop fertilizer. This fertilizer has improved qualities such as less odour inconveniences when spreading the slurry and significant reduction of green house gasses.

3-

Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests such as insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases using other organisms. ... Natural enemies of insect pests, also known as biological control agents, include predators, parasitoids, pathogens, and competitors.

5-

Farm Management Principles

a. Principle of variable proportions or laws of returns.

b. Cost principle.

c. Principle of substitution between inputs.

6-

The economic importance of fisheries is as followed:

1. It provides good job opportunity and self-employment to many people.

2. Fishes are the source of nutritious food.

3. Fishes yield a number of by-products which are of commercial value. These by-products are fish oil, fish meat, fertiliser, fish glue, etc.

4. These by-products are widely used in paints, soaps, oils and medicines.

5. Prawns, lobsters have high market value all over the world.nciple or opportunity cost principle.

e. Principle of substitution between products.

f. Principle underlying decisions involving time and uncertainty.

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