Question

Q.3.What do you mean by Pollution? Describe different types of pollutants and various causes of

air pollution. in Hindi ​

Answer 1

विभिन्न प्रदूषकों द्वारा पर्यावरण के विभिन्न हिस्सों को दूषित होना, जो कि जीवित प्राणियों के लिए भी हानिकारक है, प्रदूषण के रूप में जाना जाता है।

• विभिन्न प्रकार के प्रदूषक :

- गैसीय प्रदूषक: प्रदूषक जो गैसीय अवस्था में होते हैं उन्हें गैसीय प्रदूषक के रूप में जाना जाता है, ये प्रदूषक मुख्य रूप से वायु प्रदूषण का कारण बनते हैं। उदाहरण - O3,CO2,NO2।

- तरल प्रदूषक : प्रदूषक जो तरल अवस्था में होते हैं उन्हें तरल प्रदूषकों के रूप में जाना जाता है, ये प्रदूषक मुख्य रूप से जल प्रदूषण का कारण बनते हैं।उदाहरण - गटर का पानी।

- ठोस प्रदूषक: प्रदूषक जो ठोस अवस्था में होते हैं उन्हें ठोस प्रदूषक के रूप में जाना जाता है, ये प्रदूषक विभिन्न प्रकार के प्रदूषण का कारण बन सकते हैं।उदाहरण - कचरा सामग्री।

• वायु प्रदूषण के कारण :

- वाहनों से निकली हुई हानिकारक गैसें।

- ग्रीन हाउस गैसें।

- कारखाना से निकली हुई हानिकारक गैसें।

Answer 2

Answer:

Pollution

“Pollution is the introduction of substances (or energy) that cause adverse changes in the environment and living entities .”

Explanation

• Pollution need not always be caused by chemical substances such as particulates (like smoke and dust). Forms of energy such as sound, heat or light can also cause pollution. These substances that cause pollution are called pollutants.

• Pollution, even in minuscule amounts, impacts the ecological balance.  Pollutants can make its way up the food chain and eventually find its way inside the human body. Read on to explore the types of pollution and their implications.

Types of Pollution

• As stated before, there are different types of pollution, which are either caused by natural events (like forest fires) or by man-made activities (like cars, factories, nuclear wastes, etc.) These are further classified into the following types of pollution:

• Air Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Soil Pollution
• Noise Pollution

Besides these 4 types of pollution, other types exist such as light pollution, thermal pollution and radioactive pollution. The latter is much rarer than other types, but it is the deadliest.

Air Pollution

Air pollution refers to the release of harmful contaminants (chemicals, toxic gases, particulates, biological molecules, etc.) into the earth’s atmosphere. These contaminants are quite detrimental, and in some cases, pose serious health issues. Some causes that contribute to air pollution are:

• Burning fossil fuels
• Mining operations
• Exhaust gases from industries and factories

The effects of air pollution vary based on pollutant. But generally, the impact of air pollution range from:

• Increased risk of respiratory illness and cardiovascular problems
• Increased risk of skin diseases
• May increase the risk of cancer
• Global warming
• Acid rain
• Ozone depletion
• Hazards to wildlife

Among the other types of pollution, air pollution is theorized to have a planet-wide implication. Scientists have even speculated an apocalypse-like scenario where air pollution if left unchecked, can bring about an extreme form of global warming called the runaway greenhouse effect. Though this is purely speculative, it is a phenomenon that has already occurred on Venus.