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Q.4 LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. What information does the Prayag prashasti give about Samudragupta?
2 Describe the administration and revenue systems under the Guptas.
3. Write about the society under the Gupta rule.
4. Write short notes on:
(a) religion under the Guptas
(b) art and architecture in the Gupta period
(c) literature during the Gupta period
(d) advances in science under the Guptas
5. Why did the Gupta Empire collapse?
Answers
Answer:
1. The 12 rulers of Dakshinapatha South India were defeated by Samudragupta and the prayag prashasti says that Samudragupta also favour to these kingdoms by releasing them and allowing them to rule over their own territories.
2. The Guptas organized a system of provincial and local administration. The empire was divided into divisions called bhukth, and each bhukti was placed under the charge of an uparika. The bhuktis were divided into districts (vishayas), which were placed under the charge of a vishayapati.
3. During the Gupta period society was divided into four castes –brahmana, kshatriya, vaishya and sudra. Each one of these comprised a major caste or varna and had specific duties assigned to them. ... Sudras formed the lower rank of the cast system. They were forced to serve the other three classes.
4. a). According to one theory, they originated in the present-day lower-doab region of Uttar Pradesh, where most of the inscriptions and coin hoards of the early Gupta kings have been discovered. ... Another proposal is that the early Gupta kingdom extended from Prayaga in the west to northern Bengal in the east.
b). The Gupta Dynasty, founded by Chandragupta I (accession c. ... The Guptas were the first architects of purpose-built Hindu (but sometimes also Buddhist) temples which evolved from the earlier tradition of rock-cut shrines. Adorned with towers and elaborate carvings, these temples were often dedicated to all the Hindu gods.
c). Gupta period was considered as the golden phase of Indian literature. The wonderful literature was produced in prose, poetry, drama, and grammar. ... The commentaries on the Smritis were written after the Gupta period. The compilation of Ramayana and Mahabharata was completed by the 4th century A.D.
d). In mathematics, the period saw, in the fifth century, a work called Aryabhatiya written by Aryabhata who belonged to Pataliputra. It appears that this mathematician was well versed in various kinds of calculations. Aryabhata displays an awareness of both the zero system and the decimal system.
5. The Huna People, also known as Huns, invaded Gupta territory and caused significant damage to the empire.
The Gupta Empire ended in 550 CE, when it disintegrated into regional kingdoms after a series of weak rulers and invasions from the east, west, and north.
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