Q.4. State one reason why.
(1) A belt of calm exists near the equator.
(2) The winds coming from the north-west
in the southern hemisphere have
greater velocities than the winds
coming from the south-west in the
northern hemisphere.
(3) The monsoon winds in the summer
come from the sea but the retreating
monsoon winds in winter come from
land
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Answers
Q.4)
1)The equatorial region experiences a calm equatorial climate. The lengths of day at all spots on the equator are equal to the lengths of night throughout the year. It receives the direct rays of the sun. The equatorial zone 5 degrees north and 5 degrees south of the equator is known as the Doldrums as the conditions are very less windy. The North-East and the South-East trade winds converge at this zone giving a calm climate with less breezes.
Also, the intense heating creates a low pressure belt, the warm winds do not blow on the surface of the ocean but move upwards, this creates a calm windless condition.
2)In the Northern hemisphere, primarily the north-east trade winds prevail over the large landmass while in the southern hemisphere the south east trade winds prevail over the ocean and some parts of the land. As the Southern hemisphere has very little landmass and the Northern hemisphere has a very large landmass, the extensive uninterrupted area of the ocean allows the winds blowing from the Northwest to the southeast in the southern hemisphere to blow more swiftly than the winds blowing from the southwest to the northeast in the Northern hemisphere.
3)In the summer, the northwestern corner of Indian Subcontinent develops an intense low pressure trough in the areas of the Indus lowlands and Baluchistan due to the direct rays of the sun and increase in the solar radiation northwards. The length of the days also increases due to increasing solar radiation, this low pressure area attracts the South East trade winds from the sea(which is at a higher pressure) which on crossing the equator get deflected towards the right side due to the Coriolis force entering the Indian subcontinent from the southwesterly direction as the south west monsoons.
But, between september and november, monsoons begin to retreat due to the weakening of the low pressure trough and its gradual replacement by an area of high pressure due to the southward movement of the area that receives the direct rays of the sun. The low pressure trough now gets centred between 12 to 17 degrees north of the equator at the centre of the Bay of Bengal around the Andaman islands, hence the winds now blow from the high pressure area on the land to the low pressure area formed in the sea.
Answer:
☆Direct proportion is the relationship between two variables whose ratio is equal to a constant value. In other words, direct proportion is a situation where an increase in one quantity causes a corresponding increase in the other quantity, or a decrease in one quantity results in a decrease in the other quantity.