Q.5 Give reasons for the following:
1: Occurrence of characteristic properties of elements takes place at definite intervals in the modern
periodic table.
2:Properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers and not atomic weights.
3. Atomic size of an element depends on the nuclear charge of that element.
4. Down a group electronegativity should increase with increase in nuclear charge but it is seen that
the electronegativity decreases.
5. If combining atoms have nearly similar electronegativities the bond between them is covalent.
Answers
Answer:
1.This is due to recurrence of similar valence shell electronic configuration after a difference of 2, 8, 18 or 32 in atomic numbers.
2.Atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons or electrons in case of a neutral atom. Physical and chemical properties of elements depend on the number of electrons and their arrangement. Thus properties of elements are periodic function of their atomic numbers and not atomic weights.
3.Yes, the given statement is true- Atomic size of an element depends on the nuclear charge of that element. This is because, more nuclear charge means more protons, and more protons can hold more electrons of opposite charge. If there are more electrons in the atom of an element, its atomic size increases.
4.Due to increase in nuclear charge electronegativity should increase. On the other hand due to increase in number of shells electronegativity should decrease. However the effect of increase in number of shells dominates over increase in nuclear charge. As such on moving down a group electronegativity decreases.
5.So, combining atoms of a compound have nearly similar electronegativities the bond between them is covalent.
Explanation:
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