Question

Q:- 5 Write the summary of the story "Ideas That Have Helped Mankind".
Ans:- The story "Ideas That Have Helped Mankind" has been written by Bertrand Russel. In this story
the author describes the growth of human civilization. It was very slow process. The factors which helped
mankind are various. The human race was a very rare species. They were uncivilized and leading the life
of wild animals. In those days they were living in jungles and caves. They fear from wild animals. Their
lives were quite, uncertain and unprotected. Bit by bit they felt themselves more protected than earlier.
They have also berome in certain respects, progressively less like animals.
The author tells us that animals can't fell the pleasure of music, poetryAsclente, fogiball
,
alcohol etc. while the human beings can enjoy them. It means that our intelligence has definitewenabled
us to get a much 'greater variety of enjoyment then animals. Nevertheless, the authonrealizes that it is
Neither number nor multiplicity of pleasure that make glory of man. It is our ntellectual and moral
qualities. In this way we can say that it is something that distinguishegrus from he brutes. Now our
civilization is more secure towards one another. The ideas which help mankind and two kinds. First is
knowledge and technique and the second is moral and politics. Bywhis Kowlodge and technique he
introduced language and it began gradually. They further invented hre either before or after the
beginning of language. According to the author fire might have been dised to keep away wild animals at its
first stage. But in course of time they found -the fire much more useful for other purposes too. Domestic
animals like cow -and sheep made the life of human bei gs confortable, pleasant and secure. In this way,
we can say that this is one of the best essays on the human beings
Mhe Artic?​

Answer 1

Mountain climbing is a great adventure but is also risky. It is a great challenge and a doing challenging job is in itself pleasurable. It gives immense joy to the doers.

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