Q.9. Write any two functions of each of the following parts of human brain.
(a) Cerebrum
(b) Medulla
(c) Hypothalamus
Answers
Answer:
a) i. It is the largest part of the brain and is composed of right and left hemispheres.
ii. It performs higher functions like interpreting touch, vision and hearing, as well as speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine control of movement.
b) i. The medulla oblongata is located in the brain stem, anterior to (in front of) the cerebellum.
ii. The medulla oblongata is located in the brain stem, anterior to (in front of) the cerebellum. This is a cone-shaped, neuronal (nerve cell) mass in the hindbrain, which controls a number of autonomic (involuntary) functions.
This section of the brain helps transfer messages to the spinal cord and the thalamus, which is in the brain, from the body. The main function of the thalamus is to process information to and from the spinal cord and the cerebellum.
The medulla oblongata helps regulate breathing, heart and blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. This part of the brain is a center for respiration and circulation. Sensory and motor neurons (nerve cells) from the forebrain and midbrain travel through the medulla.
c) i. The hypothalamus is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions.
ii. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.