Question

Q. Define gravitational constant. What is its unit and value?
(long Answer) ​

Answer 1

Answer:

The constant in Newton's law of gravitation that yields the attractive force between two bodies when multiplied by the product of the masses of the two bodies and divided by the square of the distance between them.

In SI units, G has the value 6.67 × 10-11 Newtons kg-2 m2. The direction of the force is in a straight line between the two bodies and is attractive.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Notations for the gravitational constant

Values of G Units

6.67430(15)×10−11[1] m3⋅kg–1⋅s–2

4.30091(25)×10−3 pc⋅M⊙–1⋅(km/s)2

The gravitational constant (also known as the universal gravitational constant, the Newtonian constant of gravitation, or the Cavendish gravitational constant),[a] denoted by the letter G, is an empirical physical constant involved in the calculation of gravitational effects in Sir Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation and in Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity.

The gravitational constant G is a key quantity in Newton's law of universal gravitation.

In Newton's law, it is the proportionality constant connecting the gravitational force between two bodies with the product of their masses and the inverse square of their distance. In the Einstein field equations, it quantifies the relation between the geometry of spacetime and the energy–momentum tensor (also referred to as the stress–energy tensor).

The measured value of the constant is known with some certainty to four significant digits. In SI units its value is approximately 6.674×10−11 m3⋅kg−1⋅s−2.[1]

The modern notation of Newton's law involving G was introduced in the 1890s by C. V. Boys. The first implicit measurement with an accuracy within about 1% is attributed to Henry Cavendish in a 1798 experiment.

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