Question

Q. I.) State the different ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in a population.

II.) Name two Scientists who gave the evidence for the origin of life from simple inorganic molecules.

III.) Why are human beings who look so different from each other in terms of size, colour and looks said to belong to the same species?

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

I)The ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in population are:

through natural selection (of variations brought during the course of time)

by genetic drift (accidental changes in the frequency of some genes in a population)by mutationby sudden decrease or increase in the availability of food during a period of some generations

II)The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis suggests that life arose gradually from inorganic molecules, with “building blocks” like amino acids forming first and then combining to make complex polymers.

The Miller-Urey experiment provided the first evidence that organic molecules needed for life could be formed from inorganic components.

III)All human beings, even though they have different size, colour and looks, belong to the same species because they have similar DNA sequences and have descended from same ancestors. Also, they are capable of reproducing among themselves. These variations may have arisen due to environmental factors, mutation and mixing of characters during reproduction.

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Answer 2

ᴛʜᴇ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴ ʙᴇɪɴɢs ᴀʀᴇ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴇᴀᴄʜ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ɪɴ ᴛᴇʀᴍs ᴏғ sɪᴢᴇ, ᴄᴏʟᴏᴜʀ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴏᴏᴋs ʙᴜᴛ ᴀʀᴇ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sᴀᴍᴇ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs (ʜᴏᴍᴏ sᴀᴘɪᴇɴs) ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜsᴇ ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴄᴀɴ ɪɴᴛᴇʀʙʀᴇᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴇ ғᴇʀᴛɪʟᴇ ᴏᴅʟɪᴘɴɪɴᴇ

(sᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴀᴜɢʜᴛᴇʀ). ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴀʀʟɪᴇsᴛ ᴍᴇᴍʙᴇʀs ᴏғ ʜᴏᴍᴏ sᴀᴘɪᴇɴs ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴛʀᴀᴄᴇᴅ ʙᴀᴄᴋ ᴛᴏ ᴀғʀɪᴄᴀ sᴜ ᴏғ ᴏᴜʀ ᴀɴᴄᴇsᴛᴏʀs sᴛᴀʏᴇᴅ ʙᴀᴄᴋ ɪɴ ᴀғʀɪᴄᴀ ᴀɴᴅ sᴘʀᴇᴀᴅ ᴀᴄʀᴏss ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴛɪɴᴇɴᴛs; ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ʟᴇғᴛ ᴀʟᴍᴀ

sʟᴏᴡʟʏ sᴘʀᴇᴀᴅ ᴀᴄʀᴏss ᴛʜᴇ ᴡʜᴏʟᴇ ᴇᴀʀᴛʜ. ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴍᴏᴠᴇᴅ ғᴏʀᴡᴀʀᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ʙᴀᴄᴋᴡᴀʀᴅ ɪɴ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘs, sᴇᴘᴀʀᴀᴅᴀ ᴏʀ ɪɴ ᴍɪxᴇᴅ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘs ᴀᴛ ᴛɪᴍᴇs. ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ɢʀᴏᴜᴘs ᴏғ ᴀɴᴄᴇsᴛᴏʀs, ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴏᴛʜᴇʀ sᴘᴇᴄɪᴇs, ʟɪᴠᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ʙʀᴇs

ᴛʜᴇɴ ᴘʀᴇᴠᴀɪʟɪɴɢ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴇᴠᴇʟᴏᴘᴇᴅ ɢᴇɴᴇᴛɪᴄ ᴠᴀʀɪᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇᴄᴏᴍᴇ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛʟʏ ᴄᴏʟᴏᴜʀᴇᴛ ᴡɪᴛʜ sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴄ ғᴇᴀᴛᴜʀᴇs ᴏғ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ɢᴇᴏɢʀᴀᴘʜɪᴄᴀʟ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴs ɪɴ ᴍᴏᴅᴇʀɴ ᴛɪᴍᴇs.

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