(Q) Salt in crude oil must be removed before the oil undergoes processing in a refinery. The crude oil is fed to a washing unit where freshwater fed to the unit mixes with the oil and dissolves a portion of the salt contained in the oil. The oil (containing some salt but no water), being less dense than the water, can be. removed at the top of the washer. If the "spent" wash water contains 15% salt and the crude oil contains 5% salt, determine the concentration of salt in the "washed" oil product if the ratio of crude oil (with salt) to water used is 4 to 1.
Answers
Answer:
The crude oil is fed to a washing unit where freshwater fed to the unit mixes with the oil and dissolves a portion of the salt contained in the oil. The oil (containing some salt but no water), being less dense than the water, can be removed at the top of the washer.
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mass fraction of salt is 0.0061 Explanation:
Given:
"spent" wash water contains 15% salt
crude oil contains 5% salt
ratio of crude oil (with salt) to water used is 4 : 1
Crude oil fraction:
95% of crude oil = 0.95
0.95F1 = x1E1
0.95(100) = x1E1
95= x1E1
E1 = 95/X1
wash water fraction:
15% of wash water = 100% -15% = 85%
= F2 = 0.85E2
salts fraction:
0.05F1 = (1-X1)E1 + 0.15E2
0.05F1 = (1-X)95/X1 + 0.15(F2/0.85)
0.05F1 = 95/X1 - 95 + 0.15(F2/0.85) (SINCE = 95.588 = 95/X1 = 99.38)
0.05(100) = 95/X1 - 95 + 17.61(1/4F1)
5 = 95/X1 - 95 + 4.41
Fraction of salts = 1- X1 = 0.0061
hence, mass fraction of salt is 0.0061