Question

Q. Write a short note on
(a) Adaptations of desert plants and animals.
(b) Adaptations of plants to water scarcity.
(c) Behavioural adaptations in animals.
(d) Importance of light to plants.
(e) Effect of temperature. or water scarcity and the adaptations of animals.


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Answer 1

Living conditions in Deserts:

Deserts are dry, arid areas that receive very little Rainfall. There is a big variation in Temperature between Day and Night.

There are 2 types of Deserts:

• Hot Desert - Near Equatorial regions.
• Cold Desert - In Temperate zone.

Adaptations of Plants to Desert Environment:

1. Stem becomes thick to store water.
2. Stem develops a layer a wax coating to reflect heat.
3. Leaves are transformed to Thorns to reduce water loss due to Transpiration.
4. Thorns also protect the plant against animals who come to eat them and get stored water.
5. Roots grow very deep searching Ground water.
6. Growth stops i.e. Plant becomes Domant for years until it rains.

Adaptations of Animals to Desert Environment:

1. Long Eye-lashes, hairy ears and closing Nostrils → Help to keep-out sand.
2. Thick Eye-brows → Protect Eyes from Sun.
3. Wide Feet → so that they won't sink in the sand.
4. They can drink Gallons of water at one time → so that They can live without drinking water for weeks.
5. They store fat in their Humps → so that They can live for months without Food.
6. Their Body Temperature changes accordingly → so that They don't sweat which leads to water loss.
7. They have thick Fur → which helps them to keep warm at Night.
8. Their skin is camouflaged with sand colour → so that They can hide easily and protect themselves from Predators.

Importance of Light to Plants:

1. Light energy is used for Photosynthesis.
2. Plant grows well and remains Active in presence of Light.

Answer 2

Living conditions in Deserts:

Deserts are dry, arid areas that receive very little Rainfall. There is a big variation in Temperature between Day and Night.

There are 2 types of Deserts:

Hot Desert - Near Equatorial regions.

Cold Desert - In Temperate zone.

Adaptations of Plants to Desert Environment:

Stem becomes thick to store water.

Stem develops a layer a wax coating to reflect heat.

Leaves are transformed to Thorns to reduce water loss due to Transpiration.

Thorns also protect the plant against animals who come to eat them and get stored water.

Roots grow very deep searching Ground water.

Growth stops i.e. Plant becomes Domant for years until it rains.

Adaptations of Animals to Desert Environment:

Long Eye-lashes, hairy ears and closing Nostrils → Help to keep-out sand.

Thick Eye-brows → Protect Eyes from Sun.

Wide Feet → so that they won't sink in the sand.

They can drink Gallons of water at one time → so that They can live without drinking water for weeks.

They store fat in their Humps → so that They can live for months without Food.

Their Body Temperature changes accordingly → so that They don't sweat which leads to water loss.

They have thick Fur → which helps them to keep warm at Night.

Their skin is camouflaged with sand colour → so that They can hide easily and protect themselves from Predators.

Importance of Light to Plants:

1. Light energy is used for Photosynthesis.

• Plant grows well and remains Active in presence of Light.

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