Q ) Write down and leam “Pasaydan” written by Sant Dnyaneshwar
Answers
this book is of 104 pages I have provided u the 1st chapter which contains intro
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 CONCEPT AND CONTEXT OF THE STUDY
1.1.1 Industrial Scenario in India
In India, the enterprises have been classified broadly into two categories: (i) Manufacturing; and
(ii) Those engaged in providing/rendering of services. Both categories of enterprises have been
further classified into micro, small and medium enterprises based on their investment in plant
and machinery (for manufacturing enterprises) or on equipment (in case of enterprises providing
or rendering services).
1.1.2 MSME Overview
The MSME sector plays a significant role in the Indian economy. A catalyst for socio-economic
transformation of the country, the sector is critical in meeting the national objectives of
generating employment, reducing poverty, and discouraging rural-urban migration. These
enterprises help to build a thriving entrepreneurial eco-system, in addition to promoting the use
of indigenous technologies. The sector has exhibited consistent growth over the last few years,
but it has done so in a constrained environment often resulting in inefficient resource utilization.
Of the many challenges impeding the growth and development of MSMEs, inadequate access to
financial resources is one of the key bottlenecks that make these enterprises vulnerable
particularly in periods of economic downturn.1
1.1.3 MSME Landscape in India
In 2009-10, the Indian MSME sector was estimated to include 29.8 Million Enterprises.2
In order
to encourage these unorganized units to register, the Ministry of MSME has simplified the
registration process (replacing the earlier two-stage registration process with a one-step filling of
memorandum). The sector has been growing at an effective rate of 4 percent annually over the
last three years from 2008-10. The share of registered enterprises in the sector is estimated to beonly around 6 percent, which goes to show that the sector is dominated by unregistered
enterprises that do not file business information with District Industry Centers (DICs) of the
State/ Union Territory.(Asset and Sales Data is not tracked by Government Agencies.)
In addition to the registered and unregistered enterprises covered by the MSME census, the
sector has an additional 30 million enterprises. The National Commission for Enterprises in the
Unorganized Sector (NCEUS) pegs the number of enterprises in the unorganized sector at about
58 million, which also includes an estimated 28 million unregistered MSMEs. The sector is
classified into Micro, Small and Medium based on the size of the enterprise, as defined earlier.
Each of these segments however is extremely heterogeneous, due to differences in ownership
structure, area of operation, type of industry, and the stage of development of an enterprise. The
workforce typically is less qualified, learns skills after experience, less or not organized. They
hardly are unionized. Also most of the work force is first generation laborers.
In all, the MSME sector accounts for 45 percent of Indian industrial output and 40 percent of
exports. Although 94 percent of MSMEs are unregistered, the contribution of the sector to
India’s GDP has been growing consistently at 11.5 percent a year, which is higher than the
overall GDP growth of 8 percent.3
Poor infrastructure and inadequate market linkages are key
factors that have constrained growth of the sector. The lack of adequate and timely access to
finance has been the biggest challenge. The financing needs of the sector depend on the size of
operation, industry, customer segment, and stage of development. Financial institutions have
limited their exposure to the sector due to a higher risk perception.1.1.4 Definitions of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises 4
In accordance with the provision of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises Development
(MSMED) Act, 2006 the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) are classified in two
Classes:
__________
Answer:
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