Question

Q1: Babur won the battle despite having a little army compared to Ibrahim Lodhi.
Justify this statement by writing two reasons.

Or

Explain how Babur’s character is reflected in his autobiography.

Q2: Analyze and explain the significant developments of the time of Umayyads
rule.

Answer 1

Answer:

The Umayyad dynasty centralized authority within the Islamic civilization, perhaps most notably with its fifth ruler ʿAbd al-Malik. ... The Umayyads also oversaw a rapid expansion of territory, extending as far west as Spain and as far east as India, allowing both Islam and the Arabic language to spread over a vast area.