Q1.
Define solubility. What is the effect of temperature on solubility of solid in liqu. What is a
the concentration of the solution containing 75 or sodium chloride in 250 g of water
Answers
Solubility is the amount of solute present in a saturated solution at a given temperature.
The solubility of a liquid increases on increasing the temperature.
Concentration of the solution ( by mass percent) = Mass of the solute/ Mass of the solution × 100
= 75/ 75 + 250 × 100
= 75/ 325 × 100
= 300/ 13
= 23.07%
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Answer:
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes in a solvent. Sugar cubes added to a cup of tea or coffee is a common example of a solution. The property which helps sugar molecules to dissolve is known as solubility.
Solubility of Solids In Liquids
It has been observed that solid solubility depends on the nature of the solute as well as the solvent. We often see that substances like sugar, common salt (NaCl), etc readily dissolve in water while substances like naphthalene do not dissolve in water. From the various observations and experimental results, it has been seen that only polar solutes tend to dissolve in the polar solvent and non-polar solvents dissolve only non-polar solutes. Hence, the nature of the solvent can be seen as one of the prominent factors affecting solubility. The above observation led to the statement that like dissolves like, that is polar solvents will dissolve polar solutes and non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar solutes.
Apart from the nature of solute and solvent, temperature also affects solid solubility considerably. If the dissolution process is endothermic then the solubility should increase with an increase in temperature in accordance with Le Chateliers Principle. If the dissolution process is exothermic the solid solubility should decrease.