Q1. Define the followingterms a. Atomic Radii b. Electronegativity c. Electron gain enthalpy d. Oxidizing agent e. Reducing agent
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Answer:
a) The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atoms, usually the mean or typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding shells of electrons. ... The value of the radius may depend on the atom's state and context.
b) Electronegativity, symbolized as χ, is the tendency for an atom of a given chemical element to attract shared electrons (or electron density) when forming a chemical bond. An atom's electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance at which its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus
c) Electron gain enthalpy of an element is the energy released when a neutral isolated gaseous atom accepts an extra electron to form the gaseous negative Ion i.e. anion. ... The electron gain enthalpy of an element is a measure of the firmness or strength with which an extra electron is bound to it.
d) An oxidizing agent is a compound or element that is present in a redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction which receives electrons originating from a different species. The oxidant is a chemical compound which easily transfers atoms of oxygen or another substance in order to gain an electron.
e) A reducing agent (also called a reductant, reducer, or electron donor) is an element or compound that loses or "donates" an electron to an electron recipient (called the oxidizing agent, oxidant, or oxidizer) in a redox chemical reaction. ... The glucose (C6H12O6) is being oxidized, so it is the reducing agent
a.Atomic Radii
The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atoms, usually the mean or typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding shells of electrons.
b.Electronegativity
Electronegativity, symbolized as χ, is the tendency for an atom of a given chemical element to attract shared electrons when forming a chemical bond. An atom's electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance at which its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus.
C.Electron gain enthapy
The energy produced when a neutral isolated gaseous atom receives an extra electron to form the gaseous negative ion, or anion, is called electron gain enthalpy. ΔegH can be used to represent it. The bigger the quantity of energy released in the above process, the higher the element's electron gain enthalpy.
d.Oxidizing agent
An oxidizing agent, also known as an oxidant or oxidizer, is a substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances — in other words to accept their electrons. Common oxidizing agents are oxygen, hydrogen peroxide and the halogens
e.Reducing agent
A reducing agent is an element or compound that loses or "donates" an electron to an electron recipient in a redox chemical reaction
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