Question

Q1. Explain the functions of Antibiotics [in points; max 4points]

Q2. Why antibiotics do not work against viral infections? Give reasons for the same [ 3 marks]
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please answer in proper points and with relevant examples. Need your help :)
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Answer 1

❶Aɴᴛɪʙɪᴏᴛɪᴄѕ ᴀʀᴇ ᴍᴇᴅɪᴄɪɴᴇѕ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ʜᴇʟᴘ ѕᴛᴏᴘ ɪɴғᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴѕ ᴄᴀᴜѕᴇᴅ ʙʏ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ. ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴅᴏ ᴛʜɪѕ ʙʏ ᴋɪʟʟɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ᴏʀ ʙʏ ᴋᴇᴇᴘɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇᴍ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴄᴏᴘʏɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇᴍѕᴇʟᴠᴇѕ ᴏʀ ʀᴇᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄɪɴɢ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀᴅ ᴀɴᴛɪʙɪᴏᴛɪᴄ ᴍᴇᴀɴѕ “ᴀɢᴀɪɴѕᴛ ʟɪғᴇ.” ᴀɴʏ ᴅʀᴜɢ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴋɪʟʟѕ ɢᴇʀᴍѕ ɪɴ ʏᴏᴜʀ ʙᴏᴅʏ ɪѕ ᴛᴇᴄʜɴɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴀɴ ᴀɴᴛɪʙɪᴏᴛɪᴄ.

❷ᴀɴᴛɪʙɪᴏᴛɪᴄѕ ᴀʀᴇ ᴍᴇᴅɪᴄɪɴᴇѕ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴄᴀɴɴᴏᴛ ᴋɪʟʟ ᴠɪʀᴜѕᴇѕ ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ᴄᴏʟᴅ, ᴛʜᴇ ғʟᴜ, ᴏʀ ᴄᴏᴠɪᴅ-19. ᴀɴᴛɪʙɪᴏᴛɪᴄѕ ғɪɢʜᴛ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴀʀᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇᴛᴇʟʏ ᴅɪғғᴇʀᴇɴᴛ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴠɪʀᴜѕᴇѕ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ѕᴛʀᴜᴄᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ғᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴ.

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Answer 2

Answer:

1) Functions of antibiotics:

• The antibiotics find a wide use in the medicine to fight infections.

• Certain antibiotics are used as food preservatives, specially fresh meat and fish.

• Some are used in treating animal feed to prevent internal infections.

• Some antibiotics are used for controlling plant pathogens.

2) Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms, that can kill on inhibit the growth of other microorganisms, but they do not work against viral infections like flu, covid-19 common cold, etc because they have an antibiotic resistance and can have serious side effects which can no longer stop the particular bacteria or viral disease to spread.

How is it?

➤ You must be curious to know how the antibiotics kill the germs.

Here are two examples:

• Penicillium interferes with cell wall formation, hence the bacteria are unable to grow and multiply.
• Streptomycin binds the bacterial ribosomes which are then unable to synthesise proteins and the bacteria and able to grow and multiply.

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