Q1 Identify the two processes and state the difference between them :
(2)
A
Cell division
B
Cell division
Answers
Answer:
see below
Explanation:
You started off as a fertilized cell inside your mom, called a zygote. Now, you’re a thriving community of hundreds of millions of cells, all working together towards a common purpose: to keep you alive. How did so many cells come from just one?
Generally speaking, the answer is straightforward: many cells come from just one by repeated cell division. Your first form as a zygote split to make two cells. Then those cells split, making four...and so on and so forth, until you became the living, functioning organism you are today.
There are two ways cell division can happen in humans and most other animals, called mitosis and meiosis. When a cell divides by way of mitosis, it produces two clones of itself, each with the same number of chromosomes. When a cell divides by way of meiosis, it produces four cells, called gametes. Gametes are more commonly called sperm in males and eggs in females. Unlike in mitosis, the gametes produced by meiosis are not clones of the original cell, because each gamete has exactly half as many chromosomes as the original cell.
The concept of a chromosome
A chromosome is a thread-like object (scientists literally called them threads or loops when they were first discovered) made of a material called chromatin. Chromatin is made of DNA and special structural proteins called histones. One way to think of a chromosome is as one very long strand of DNA, with a bunch of histone proteins stuck to it like beads on a string.
There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Most of the time when people refer to “cell division,” they mean mitosis, the process of making new body cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division that creates egg and sperm cells.