Q1 Mention all the components of coal along with their physical state obtained by destructive distillation of coal. Also, write their uses. Q2 Why do we need to refine petroleum? Q3 Explain the process of refining of petroleum Q4 Differentiate between (a) Renewable resources and Non-renewable resources (b) Destructive distillation and Fractional distillation Q5 How is CNG obtained? What are its main uses? Q6 Why are coal and petroleum considered to be fossil fuels? Q7 The demand for energy is increasing day by day. Comment Q8 What are petrochemicals? Where are they used? Q9 We should not sleep in a closed room with a coal fire burning in it. Why?
Answers
Answer:
(a) It is an application of pyrolysis. The process breaks up or 'cracks' large molecules. Coke, coal gas, gas carbon, coal tar, ammonia liquor, and coal oil are examples of commercial products historically produced by the destructive distillation of coal.
(b) Petroleum cannot be used in it's natural form because it is very thick and waxy mixture. So we need to refine petroleum to get useful constituents from it.
(c) In the refining process, crude oil is refined to produce different petroleum products like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. For the conversion to take place, crude oil is heated and introduced into the distillation tower. In the tower, oil is broken down into various petroleum products.Ju
(d) 1. Renewable resources are solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biofuels, cultivated plants, biomass, air, water and soil. In contrast, non-renewable resources are those that are available to us in limited quantities, or those that are renewed so slowly that the rate at which they are consumed is too fast.
2. The main difference between destructive distillation and fractional distillation is that destructive distillation involves the decomposition of a solid by heating it in a closed container and collecting the volatile constituents given off whereas fractional distillation includes the separation of the important
(e) Compressed natural gas (CNG) (methane stored at high pressure) is a fuel which can be used in place of gasoline, diesel fuel and propane/LPG. ... CNG is made by compressing natural gas, (which is mainly composed of methane, CH4), to less than 1 percent of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure
(f) Coal, crude oil, and natural gas are all considered fossil fuels because they were formed from the fossilized, buried remains of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Because of their origins, fossil fuels have a high carbon content.
(g) The demand for energy across the world is constantly rising. This increased demand is caused in part by the increase in population, and by economic development. ... It is because these areas experienced large-scale economic development, there original energy sources were fossil fuels – first coal and the oil and gas
(h)Petrochemicals are used to manufacture thousands of different products that people use daily, including plastics, medicines, cosmetics, furniture, appliances, electronics, solar power panels, and wind turbines
(i) Incomplete combustion of coal gives carbon monoxide gas. ... It is dangerous to burn coal in a closed room. The carbon monoxide gas produced can kill persons sleeping in that room. So we should not sleep in a closed room with burning coal fire in it.
Explanation:
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