Q1. Name the bacteria involved in formation of curd from milk.
Q2. What is fermentation? Write two applications of fermentation.
Q3. What is vaccine? Give some examples of important vaccines.
Q4. Why vaccination is done?
Q5. Write some important uses of microorganisms in our day to day life.
Q6. Name the scientist who discovered first antibiotic Penicillin.
Q7. Give three examples of antibiotics
Q8. Who the first vaccine for smallpox?
Answers
A1: lactobacillus
A2: the process of converting sugar into alcohol is called fermentation
A3: vaccine is a substance that triggers the body to produce antibody
A4: to prevent us from certain diseases
A5: microbes helps us to manufacture medicine and also help plants to get nitrogen fro the process of photosynthesis
A6: Alexander Fleming ( not sure)
A7: streptomycin, erythromycin
hope it helps you!!!!!
Explanation:
1. Lactobacillus sp.
2. Fermentation (metabolic process):-
The chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeast and other microorganism(action of enzyme).
E.g., glucose are converted into acid, gases or alcohol, yoghurt, wine etc.
Application:-
1. Sterilization techniques used in fermentation processes.
2. Design and types of bioreactors used in fermentation technology.
4. Vaccine are either the cell suspension or byproduct, excreted by the cell.
E.g., BCG vaccine, DPT vaccine.
Vaccine provides a controlled exposure to a pathogen, training and strengthening the immune system so it can fight that disease quickly and effectively in future. By imitating an infection, the vaccine protects us against the real thing.
5. Some microbes as food supplement.
e.g., Chlorella, Spirulina.
Several organic acid produced by microorganism.
e.g., Lactic acid:it is the first organic acid produced by fermentation by streptococcus lactis,
Lactobacillus sp.
Acetic acid: it is produced in two step, conversion of sugar into alcohol yeast
conversion of alcohol to acetic acid by bacteria acetobacter sp.
Microbes also synthesise large number of enzymes which have significant economic importance.
e.g., Rennin by mucor, E.coli for cheese production.
6. Alexander Fleming in 1929.
7. Penicillin, Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Azithromycin.
8. Smallpox vaccine, the first successful vaccine to be developed, was introduced by Edward Jenner in 1796.